Anatomy MCQs Set 2
26. There are carpal bones in horse
a) Seven
b) Eight
c) Nine
Correct Answer: (a) Seven
The horse typically has seven carpal bones (two rows of four, minus the first carpal bone which is often fused with the second or absent), forming the wrist joint.
27. Sixth cervical vertebra has branches of transverse process in horse
a) Three
b) Four
c) Five
Correct Answer: (a) Three
The sixth cervical vertebra ($\text{C}6$) in the horse has a characteristic three-pronged or trifid transverse process, making it easily identifiable.
28. The cranial cavity encloses the
a) heart
b) brain
c) eyes
Correct Answer: (b) brain
The cranial cavity, formed by the skull bones, is the anatomical space that encases and protects the brain.
29. A well developed tuber spinae is present on scapula of
a) Horse
b) Ox
c) Dog
Correct Answer: (c) Dog
The tuber spinae, a prominent thickening at the junction of the spine of the scapula and the acromion, is well developed in the dog (carnivores).
30. A rounded spleen is present in the body of
a) Dog
b) Goat
c) Chicken
Correct Answer: (b) Goat
The spleen is highly variable in shape across species. The spleen of the goat (and sheep) is often described as having an ovoid or rounded (rather than a crescent or T-shape) appearance.
31. Ulna is a reduced bone in
a) Horse
b) Ox
c) Dog
Correct Answer: (a) Horse
The ulna in the horse is greatly reduced in size and is fused distally with the radius, unlike in the dog where it is a complete bone.
32. Bicipital groove is undivided in
a) Ox
b) Horse
c) Dog
Correct Answer: (b) Horse
The bicipital groove (or intertubercular groove) on the humerus of the horse is typically undivided and contains the intermediate tubercle, unlike the ox or dog where it may be divided by a ridge.
33. In ox there are digits are present
a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
Correct Answer: (c) Four
The ox (ruminant) is a cloven-hoofed animal and has four digits on each foot: two large, weight-bearing digits (III and IV) and two small, non-weight-bearing dewclaws (II and V).
34. Tuber sacrale forms a highest point than vertebral spines in
a) Horse
b) Ox
c) Dog
Correct Answer: (a) Horse
In the horse, the tuber sacrale (the prominent dorsal point of the ileum) often forms a higher point than the spinous processes of the lumbar and sacral vertebrae.
35. A symphysis mandibulae in horse is
a) Absent
b) Present
c) None of the above
Correct Answer: (b) Present
A symphysis mandibulae (the fibrocartilaginous joint connecting the two halves of the lower jaw) is present and typically long in the horse.
36. A mesentery is a fold that attaches with the abdominal
a) Stomach
b) Intestine
c) Uterus
Correct Answer: (b) Intestine
*A mesentery is a double layer of peritoneum that attaches the various parts of the intestine to the dorsal abdominal wall, carrying blood vessels and nerves. *
37. There are ligaments present in the stomach of horse.
a) Five
b) Six
c) Seven
Correct Answer: (a) Five
The horse stomach is typically described as being supported by five main ligaments derived from the mesentery (e.g., gastro-splenic, gastro-phrenic, lesser omentum parts).
38. Average length of small intestine of horse is
a) 70 Feet
b) 80 Feet
c) 90 Feet
Correct Answer: (a) 70 Feet
The average length of the small intestine in a mature horse is approximately 70 feet (about 21 meters).
39. A large rounded non articular projection is called as
a) Trochanter
b) Tubercle
c) Tuberosity
Correct Answer: (a) Trochanter
A trochanter is a specific term for a large, rounded, non-articular projection found only on the femur (e.g., greater and lesser trochanters), serving as a muscle attachment point.
40. A small articular surface is called as
a) facet
b) Acetabulum
c) glenoid cavity
Correct Answer: (a) facet
A facet is a term used to describe a small, smooth, flat or slightly curved articular surface on a bone, often found on vertebrae.
41. Collection of cells is called as:
a) Organs
b) Tissue
c) System
d) None of the above
Correct Answer: (b) Tissue
A tissue is defined as a collection of similar cells and their associated extracellular matrix that work together to perform a specific function.
42. Collection of Pus in the tissue:
a) Tumor
b) Abscess
c) Pustules
d) None of the above
Correct Answer: (b) Abscess
An abscess is defined as a localized collection of pus (necrotic tissue, bacteria, and white blood cells) that has accumulated in a tissue or organ.
43. Clavicles are well developed in:
a) Chicken
b) Horse
c) Dog
d) None of the above
Correct Answer: (a) Chicken
The clavicles are part of the pectoral girdle. They are well developed in the chicken (and other birds) where they are fused together to form the furcula (wishbone), necessary for flight stability. Clavicles are highly reduced or absent in most domestic mammals like horses and dogs.
44. Thoracic cavity is formed by:
a) Sternum
b) Ribs
c) Thoracic vertebrae
d) All of the above
Correct Answer: (d) All of the above
The thoracic cavity (chest cavity) is a bony cage formed by the sternum ventrally, the ribs laterally, and the thoracic vertebrae dorsally.
45. Pneumonia is the inflammation of:
a) Lungs
b) Liver
c) of chest wall
d) None of the above
Correct Answer: (a) Lungs
Pneumonia is the pathological term for inflammation of the lungs, primarily affecting the alveoli.
46. Irregular muscular wall of the ventricles of the heart is:
a) Corona radiala
b) Tunica dartos
c) Trabeculae carneae
d) None of the above
Correct Answer: (c) Trabeculae carneae
The trabeculae carneae are the irregular, interlacing muscular ridges that form the internal surface of the ventricles of the heart.
47. Esophagus is more dilatable in:
a) Ox
b) Horse
c) Dog
d) None of the above
Correct Answer: (c) Dog
The esophagus is highly dilatable in the dog (a carnivore) to allow for the swallowing of large, unchewed pieces of food.
48. Cricoid cartilage of larynx of ox is:
a) Ring shaped
b) More compressed
c) Very hard
d) None of the above
Correct Answer: (a) Ring shaped
The cricoid cartilage is the caudal-most cartilage of the larynx and is unique because it forms a complete ring shape (like a signet ring) that encircles the airway. This is true across most mammals, including the ox.
49. In Ox the bone that contains two trochlea:
a) Ulnar carpal
b) Fibular tarsal
c) Tibial tarsal
d) None of the above
Correct Answer: (c) Tibial tarsal
The tibial tarsal bone (or Talus) in the ox is characterized by having two distinct trochleae (pulley-like surfaces)—one proximal and one distal—allowing for hinging movement within the hock joint.
50. Stomach of horse has ligaments:
a) 5 in numbers
b) 6 in numbers
c) 7 in numbers
d) None of the above
Correct Answer: (a) 5 in numbers
The horse stomach is typically described as being supported by 5 main ligaments (as mentioned in question 37), derived from its mesenterial attachments.